Refraction occurs when light crosses the boundary between one material and another material. what is the primary cause for this refracting of light upon crossing a boundary?

An experiment was performed on a 2-kg block. forces of 5, 10 and 15 newtons respectively were applied to the block for 5 seconds. describe the difference in acceleration between the three trials. a) the final accelerations will all be the same. b) the final acceleration will triple between the first and third trial. c) the final acceleration will be cut by 1/3 from the first to third trial. d) the final acceleration will increase nine time between the first and third trial.