You have isolated the mRNA for the human insulin gene and reverse transcribed it into cDNA. Explain how you could use this cDNA to make a recombinant plasmid and bacteria to commercially produce insulin to be used as a therapeutic drug. Include all of the following terms in your answer (draw a diagram!):
Insulin gene (cDNA)
Plasmid
Host Cell
Recombinant Plasmid
Selective Media containing antibiotic
DNA Ligase
Sticky Ends
Restriction Enzyme
Sticky Ends Hybridize
Transform(ation)
Selection Using Antibiotic Resistance Gene
Lac Z gene

Explain the pathophysiologic changes that can cause the signs and symptoms associated with common bile duct obstruction.

Ms. b is a 40-year-old woman who is the ceo of a struggling company. lately she has been experiencing headaches that are so severe that she gets dizzy and nauseated, and she is unable to carry out her usual daily routines. she reports that they usually begin as a throbbing pain in the left temple and then seem to spread throughout her head. a diagnosis of migraine headache is made after several tests. based on the patient history and signs and symptoms, discuss this type of headache and its physiological causes. discuss the available treatments to prevent and/or relieve the patient’s migraine.

During an open inguinal hernia repair, which of the following incisions will be made? a. mcburney b. oblique c. lower midline d. subcostal