Medicine/ ‏ Manar Amar ‏:
A 9- year- old girl with sick cell anaemia, she developed gastroenteritis, her mother stated that the girl vomits any oral intake, urine output was little, and she was febrile.

The association between sickle cell anaemia and Infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae has been consistently demonstrated in a number of different types of epidemiological studies (ecological, case-control, cohort). What is Critical appraisal ?

How a sickle cell alleles can be designated in? 2. What is the effect of this difference in designation on clinical presentation?

Explain in which way her recent condition could affect her haemoglobin structure?

Characteristic energy change accompanies all body reactions. What is the relationship between energy input and energy output in term of all body chemical reactions?

All the cellular components of the blood arise from stem cells.1. What are the two main cell lines develop from stem cells. 2. Mention one cell that differentiated from each main cell line.