Acetylcholine causes an end-plate potential by triggering the
a. opening of calcium channels
b. closing of sodium channels
c. closing of calcium channels
d. closing of chloride channels
e. opening of sodium channels
f. opening of chloride channels

e. Opening of sodium channels

Explanation:

Skeletal muscle fibers are depolarized by the end-plate potential voltage. It is caused by the binding of neurotransmitter acetylcholine to the post synaptic membrane present in the neuromuscular junction. In the absence of a nerve impulse, the end plate membrane has a negative charge inside and a positive charge outside due to uneven distribution of ions. This makes the membrane polarized.

When acetylcholine is released by nerve terminal due to an impulse, it binds to the receptor molecules present on end plate. As a result, sodium channels are opened which leads to influx of sodium ions in the muscle cell. Now the membrane gets slightly depolarized. Slowly acetylcholine is degraded by an enzyme closing the channels and again polarizing the membrane.

between the two muscle layers is the myenteric or auerbach's plexus, which controls peristalsis. in the colon, the muscularis externa is much thicker because the feces are large and heavy, requiring more force to push along. the stomach has a third layer of muscularis externa: the inner oblique layer.

answer:

to with mild choking in an adult or child over 1 year old: encourage them to keep coughing to try to clear the blockage. ask them to try to spit out the object if it's in their mouth. don't put your fingers in their mouth to them as they may bite you accidentally.

explanation: