Which expression is equivalent to?

Ivan and jeff buy a package of 8 pens for $4.00. ivan wants 5 of the pens, and jeff wants 3.how much should each student pay?

How do i start to solve? would appreciate a walk-thru! a bird sitting 16ft above the ground in an apple tree dislodges an apple. after how many seconds does the apple land on the ground? (assuming that no branches will interfere with it's fall)

Suppose you are an avid reader and are looking to save money on the cost of books instead of paying about $20 for each book, you decide to look into purchasing a kindle for $120 you can purchase e-books for about $5 each 1. find the slope-intercept equation for the cost of the hard copy of books using x to represent the number of books 2. find the slope-intercept equation for the cost of the kindle with cost of e-books using x to represent the number of books