Which of the following relationships are causal relationships?
a. height and intelligence
b. distance driven and gallons of gas in tank
c. shoe size and running speed
d. number of correct answers on a test and test score

A causal relationship is a term that is usually used to describe a certain relationship in which the occurrence of a certain event would most likely be caused by another event, thus leading to a causation. Therefore, the correct answer among the choices given would most likely be "distance driven and gallons of gas in tank", as the distance travelled is dependent on the amount of fuel present.

For a 0.25 pfor b o.3pp (0.25+0.3)=0.28