How do you solve this: $32 earrings marked up 80 percent

Formula for markup
sales price = original price × ( 1 + rate )

So in this case it would be...
sp = $32 × ( 1 + .80 ) 
         $32 × ( 1.80 )
sp = $57.60

formula for discount ( if you need it ) 
sales price = original price × ( 1 - rate )
Just remember that the rate is the percentage ( to convert to a percentage to a decimal just move the decimal two places to the left )

80 percent what? off? that's what 80% was? ???