Jane paid $40 for an item after she received a 20% discount. jane's friend says this means that the original price of the item was $48. how did jane's friend arrive at this moment?

Can somebody me out with this question

Quadrilateral ghjk has vertices g(2, 3), h(8, 2), j(6, 8), and k(3, 6). it is transformed according to the rule t(–4, –5). what are the coordinates of g”? (–7, 3) (–2, 2) (–1, –7) (2, –2)

Find the value of x for which the lines are parallel.