An administrator at a local high school wants to investigate whether there is an association between the grade level of a student (either ninth, tenth, eleventh, or twelfth) and how the student commutes to school (either walks, bikes, takes the bus, receives a ride, or drives). After a chi-square test for association was conducted, the results indicated that the chi-square test statistic was 14.63 with a p-value of 0.2623. Which of the following is the correct interpretation of the p-value in the context of the test? a. There is a 26.23 percent chance that grade level and how a student commutes to school are independent.
b. There is a 26.23 percent chance that there is no association between grade level and how a student commutes to school.
c. Assuming there is no association between a student's grade level and how the student commutes to school, there is a 26.23 percent chance of finding a test statistic that is 14.63 or larger.
d. Assuming that a student's grade level and the way the student commutes to school are dependent, there is a 26.23 percent chance of finding a test statistic that is 14.63 or larger.
e. Assuming that a student's grade level and the way the student commutes to school are dependent, there is a 26.23 percent chance of finding a test statistic that is 14.63 or smaller.