May someone please help me solve this? Please include the steps because I have no idea how to do this.

Agarden consists of an apple tree, a pear tree, cauliflowers, and heads of cabbage. there are 40 vegetables in the garden. 24 of them are cauliflowers. what is the ratio of the number of cauliflowers to the number of heads of cabbage?

Write the expression as a single natural logarithm. 2 in a - 4 in y

Plzzz answer both questions and i will give you 100 points