What is a counterexample? I kind of forgot so can anyone give sentence examples?

Giuseppi's pizza had orders for $931.00 of pizzas. the prices were $21 for a large pizza, 514 for a medium pizza, and $7 for a small pizza. the number of large pizzas was two less than four times the number of medium pizzas. thenumber of small pizzas was three more than three times the number of medium pizzas. how many of each size of pizza were ordered?

Given that y varies directly to the square root of (x + 1), and that y = 1 when x = 8,(a)express y in terms of .x,(b)find the value of y when x = 3,(c)find the value of x when y = 5.

Write the percent as a fraction or mixed number in simplest form. 0.8%