How does writing an equation help you solve problems with percentages?​

Quick translate "x is 12 units from 20" into an equation. what are the values of x being described? if you can answer any of my other questions that'd be great too

16. you're planning to buy a boat, a motor, and some miscellaneous boating equipment. the boat costs $325, the motor costs $225, and the equipment costs $79. if you've saved $438 toward these purchases, how much more do you need to save? a. $181 b. $281 c. $291 d. $191

Consider an example of a deck of 52 cards: example set of 52 playing cards: 13 of each suit clubs, diamonds, hearts, and spades ace 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 jack queen king clubs diamonds hearts spades what is the probability of drawing three queens from a standard deck of cards, given that the first card drawn was a queen? assume that the cards are not replaced.