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Which statements about these triangles is true

How do i start to solve? would appreciate a walk-thru! a bird sitting 16ft above the ground in an apple tree dislodges an apple. after how many seconds does the apple land on the ground? (assuming that no branches will interfere with it's fall)

Three students, javier, sam, and corrine, participated in a fundraiser where people donated a certain amount of money per lap that the student ran. each student also had some initial donations that were collected before the run. the equations that represent each student's total donation, y, based on the number of laps ran, x, is shown below. match each equation with the correct rate of change for that student.