What is vertical distance? is it addition or subtraction

Abox contains 1 plain pencil and 4 pens. a second box contains 5 color pencils and 5 crayons. one item from each box is chosen at random. what is the probability that a plain pencil from the first box and a color pencil from the second box are selected? write your answer as a fraction in simplest form.

Barbara deposited $300 in the bank. if the bank pays her simple interest at the rate of 4 percent per year, how much money will she have in her account at the end of 9 months?

Aculture started with 4,000 bacteria. after 5 hours, it grew to 5,200 bacteria. predict how many bacteria will be present after 19 hours. round your answer to the nearest whole number.