Image attachment below, algebra 1 stuff

i dont want to be asked if i understand this, or someone to walk me throught the steps to do it on my own, im obviously posting this here because i dont understand it in any way, it would honestly be easier just to type the answers than to try to explain i to me

Which ratio is equivalent to 10: 85

For one history test, keith had to answer 40 questions. of these 40 questions, keith answered 28 of them correctly. what percent did keith get on his history test? round your answer to the nearest tenth if necessary

Sheila wants to bake six muffins but the recipe is for 12 muffins . this means you only need half of the ingredients listed how much of the of each ingredient does she need? one cup and banana chips ,7 tablespoons oil , two eggs, 3/4 cups flour 1/4 cup walnuts show all you work and justify your answer using a baby toulmin.