What are the excluded values

(c) the diagram shows the first three shapes of a matchsticks arrangement. first shape = 3second shape = 5third shape = 7given m represents the number of matchstick used to arrange the n'th shape.(i) write a formula to represent the relation between m and n. express m as the subjectof the formula.(ii) 19 matchsticks are used to make the p'th shape. find the value of p.

Use sigma notation to represent the following series for 9 terms.

Look at the chart showing the results of a baseball player at bat. which is the probability of getting a hit?