Select the choice that translates the following verbal phrase correctly to algebra: 8 times the total of x and 3

a. 8(x + 3)
b. 8x + 3
c. (8x) ⋅ 3
d. 8 + x(3)

White shapes and black shapes are used in a game. some of the shapes are circles. while the rest are squares. the ratio of the number of white shapes to the number of black shapes is 5: 11. the ratio of the number of white cicrles to the number of white squares is 3: 7. the ratio of the number of black circles to the number of black squres is 3: 8. work out what fraction of all the shapes are circles.