According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the proportion of U. S. adults age 25 or older who smoke is .22. A researcher suspects that the rate is lower among U. S. adults 25 or older who have a bachelor's degree or higher education level. What is the null hypothesis in this case?

a. The proportion of smokers among U. S. adults 25 or older who have a bachelor's degree or higher is less than 0.22.
b. The proportion of smokers among U. S. adults 25 or older who have a bachelor's degree or higher is 0.22.
c. The proportion of smokers among U. S. adults 25 or older who have a bachelor's degree or higher is not 0.22.
d. There is no relationship between education level and smoking habits.

d. There is no relationship between education level and smoking habits.

Step-by-step explanation:

The null hypothesis is the affirmation that two parameters or phenomena do not have a relation between them.

Here the parameters are smoking and having a bachelor's degree or higher education.

Then the null hypothesis says that those two things do not have any relation, this would imply that the probability of being a smoker does not depend on having a degree or not.

Then the correct option is d "There is no relationship between education level and smoking habits."

answer: since the question is talking about growth you have to use the growth formula which is inital amount (1 + growth)^time

step-by-step explanation:

the intial amount is 1200, the growth is 4.8, and the time is 7. plug those numbers into the equation, also i think you have to change 4.8 into a percent. but, i have forgotton how to do that. if this is a online class go on to the lesson.