Imagine that a researcher conducts a study to compare rote memorization with elaborative encoding. The researcher selects 16 students at random from a class of 200 students, and then randomly assigns 8 to the rote memorization condition and 8 to the elaborative encoding condition. Just by chance, 7 of the 8 rote memorization subjects are women and 7 of the 8 elaborative encoding subjects are men.

Is there something wrong with the design of this study?