In the digital age of marketing, special care must be taken to make sure that programmatic ads appearing on websites align with a company's strategy, culture and ethics. For example, in 2017, Nordstrom, Amazon and Whole Foods each faced boycotts form social media users when automated ads for these companies showed up on the Breitbart website (ChiefMarketer. com). It is important for marketing professionals to understand a company's values and culture. The following data are from an experiment designed to investigate the perception of corporate ethical values among individuals specializing in marketing (higher scores indicate higher ethical values).

Marketing Managers Marketing Research Advertising
5 6 6
4 5 6
3 6 5
3 6 6
5 5 6
4 5 7
(a)

Use α = 0.05 to test for significant differences in perception among the three groups.

State the null and alternative hypotheses.

H0: Not all the population means are equal.
Ha: μMM = μMR = μAH0: μMM = μMR = μA
Ha: Not all the population means are equal. H0: At least two of the population means are equal.
Ha: At least two of the population means are different. H0: μMM ≠ μMR ≠ μA
Ha: μMM = μMR = μAH0: μMM = μMR = μA
Ha: μMM ≠ μMR ≠ μA

Find the value of the test statistic.

Find the p-value. (Round your answer to three decimal places.)

p-value =

State your conclusion.

Reject H0. There is not sufficient evidence to conclude that the mean perception score is not the same for the three groups of specialists. Do not reject H0. There is sufficient evidence to conclude that the mean perception score is not the same for the three groups of specialists. Reject H0. There is sufficient evidence to conclude that the mean perception score is not the same for the three groups of specialists. Do not reject H0. There is not sufficient evidence to conclude that the mean perception score is not the same for the three groups of specialists.

(b)

At the α = 0.05 level of significance, we can conclude that there are differences in the perceptions for marketing managers, marketing research specialists, and advertising specialists. Use the procedures in Section 13.3 to determine where the differences occur. Use α = 0.05. (Use the Bonferroni adjustment.)

Find the value of LSD. (Round your comparisonwise error rate to four decimal places. Round your answer to three decimal places.)

LSD =

Find the pairwise absolute difference between sample means for each pair of treatments.

abs1.gif
xMM − xMR

abs1.gif
=

abs1.gif
xMM − xA

abs1.gif
=

abs1.gif
xMR − xA

abs1.gif
=

Where do the significant differences occur? (Select all that apply.)

There is a significant difference in the perception of corporate ethical values between marketing managers and marketing research specialists.

There is a significant difference in the perception of corporate ethical values between marketing managers and advertising specialists.

There is a significant difference in the perception of corporate ethical values between marketing research specialists and advertising specialists.

There are no significant differences.