Determine whether the following discrete-time signals are periodic or not?

for the periodic ones, find their fundamental period.

a. x1 [n] =cos(0.3mn +/4)

b. x2[n] = ejn/16

c. x3[n] = 8sin (in/3) + 4cos(2 /7) - 2cos(in/9)

The three of them are periodic discrete-time signals. Their respective

fundamental periods are:

Step-by-step explanation:

If a discrete-time signal X is a periodic one, it must exist a non-zero number T such that for any t time given X(t) is equal to X(t+T). The minimum number T that meets this equation is called a period. Let's test each signal.

Signal a:

Is there any T that X1[n]=X1[n+T]?

cos(0.3mn +1/4) = cos(0.3m[T+n] +1/4) =

cos(0.3mn +1/4) = cos(0.3mT +0.3mn] +1/4)

If 0.3mT=2π both sides of the equation will be balanced. Therefore T exists, this is a periodic discrete-time signal and its period is:

Signal b:

This is a sum of complex sinusoidal functions with the same frequency, therefore this is a periodic discrete-time signal and its period is:

if

T=32π

Signal c:

This is a sum between sinusoidal functions with the different frequencies and a constant (4cos(2 /7) is a number). The constant don´t affect the fact whether this is a periodic signal or not, so we don´t need to consider it.

For the two sinusoidal functions, their frequencies are different but these are multiples of each other and both of them have a null phase, so the period of the function with the lowest frequency will be the period of the function X3[n]. Therefore this is a periodic discrete-time signal and its period is:  

if

required rate of return = 0.166 = 16.6%

step-by-step explanation:

under the capital asset pricing model (capm), the required or expected rate of return for a particular security or asset is given using the formula:

required rate of return = risk-free rate + beta*(market risk premium)

we are given that;

risk-free rate = 4% = 0.04

beta = 1.4

market risk premium = 9% = 0.09

we simply plug these values into the above formula;

required rate of return = 0.04 + 1.4*(0.09)

required rate of return = 0.04 + 0.126

required rate of return = 0.166 = 16.6%

8/k

step-by-step explanation: