In what conditions can a factored expression be factored further?

Acomputer store bought a program at a cost of $10 and sold it for $13. find the percent markup

How do i start to solve? would appreciate a walk-thru! a bird sitting 16ft above the ground in an apple tree dislodges an apple. after how many seconds does the apple land on the ground? (assuming that no branches will interfere with it's fall)

Which of the points a(6, 2), b(0, 0), c(3, 2), d(−12, 8), e(−12, −8) belong to the graph of direct variation y= 2/3 x?