Can someone i have no idea what this means.

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Angle RVS and TVU are supplementary angles. Supplementary angles are angles which have a sum of 180 degrees.

it's equivalent, so we can say that its equal.

let's call the denominator x and the numerador is 18 less then denominator, x - 18.

multiply

2.x = 5.(x - 18)

2x = 5x - 90

90 = 5x - 2x

90 = 3x

x = 90/3

x = 30

so:

you didn't post any answer choices, so its not 100% clear what your teacher is looking for

however, log(15/7) is equivalent to log(15) - log(7)

i'm using the rule log(x/y) = log(x) - log(y)