Between a mixture and substance which can be separated into components & what are the two ways?

Step-by-step explanation:

Introduction:

Mixtures are not unique to chemistry; we encounter them on a daily basis. The food and drinks

we consume, the fuel we use in our vehicles, building materials, soil, air, and ordinary water are

all mixtures. In fact, very few common materials in the world are pure. Any material made up

of two or more substances that are not chemically combined is a mixture. It is not difficult to

separate the components of a mixture if you take advantage of differences in physical properties

of the components.

1. Sublimation. Some substances change directly from a solid to a gas when they

are heated. The reverse process, when the vapor goes back to the solid phase

without a liquid state in between, is called deposition. Some solids which sublime

are iodine, caffeine, and paradichlorobenzene (mothballs). Dry ice sublimes also.

2 Extraction. This uses a solvent to selectively dissolve one component of the

solid mixture. With this technique, a soluble substance can be separated from an

insoluble substance.

3. Decantation. This separates a liquid from insoluble solid sediment by carefully

pouring the liquid from the solid without disturbing the solid.

4. Filtration. This separates a solid from a liquid through the use of a porous

material as a filter. Paper, charcoal, or sand can serve as a filter. These materials

trap the solid but let the liquid pass through (see diagram in Procedure section).

5. Evaporation. This is the process of heating a mixture in order to remove a

liquid that evaporates easily, leaving a dry residue.  

Pure substances are further broken down into elements and compounds. Mixtures are physically combined structures that can be separated into their original components. A chemical substance is composed of one type of atom or molecule.