Which ordered pair could be removed so that the set of ordered pairs is a function? (4, –2) (–3, 2) (3, 4) (1, 1)

I’m stuck on this i don’t understand.

Anormally distributed data set has a mean of 176.3 and a standard deviation of 4.2. what is the approximate z-score for the data value of 167.9? 2.00 −2.00 8.4 −8.4

Astudy was interested in determining if eating milk chocolate lowered someone's cholesterol levels. ten people's cholesterol was measured. then, each of these individuals were told to eat 100g of milk chocolate every day and to eat as they normally did. after two weeks, their cholesterol levels were measured again. is there evidence to support that their cholesterol levels went down? how should we write the alternative hypothesis? (mud = the population mean difference= before - after)a. ha: mud = 0b. ha: mud > 0c. ha: mud < 0d. ha: mud does not equal 0