Given the function f(x)=3^x, find the value of f^-1(27)

This is asking you to solve the equation ...

... 27 = 3^x

You can use logarithms to find

... log(27) = x·log(3)

... log(27)/log(3) = x = 1.43136376.../0.47712125...

... x = 3

Or, you can use your knowledge of small cubes and match exponents.

... 3^3 = 3^x

... 3 = x

sec ф = 5/3 (quadrant 4)

let x = base

y = perp

z = hypotenuse

sec ф = hypotenuse/base = 5/3

⇒ z = 5 and x = 3

finding y:

z² = x² + y²

5² = 3² + y²

y² = 25-9

y² = 16

y = 4

now finding all other geometric functions of theta:

sin ф = y/z = 4/5

sin ф = -4/5 (sin is negative in the 4th quadrant)

cos ф = x/z = 3/5

cos ф = 3/5 (cos is positive in 4th quadrant)

tan ф = y/x = 4/3

tan ф = -4/3 (tan is negative in 4th quadrant)

cosec ф = z/y = 5/4

cosec ф = -5/4 (cosec is negative in the 4th quadrant)

cot ф = x/y = 3/4

tan ф = -3/4 (tan is negative in 4th quadrant)