What are the four types of evidence in a criminal investigation? Please briefly explain
each.

Real evidence, often called physical evidence, consists of material items involved in a case, objects and things the jury can physically hold and inspect. Examples of real evidence include fingerprints, blood samples, DNA, a knife, a gun, and other physical objects.

Demonstrative evidence, usually charts and diagrams, demonstrate or illustrate the testimony of a witness. It's admissible when it fairly and accurately reflects the witness's testimony and is more probative than prejudicial. Maps, diagrams of a crime scene, charts and graphs that illustrate physical or financial injury to a plaintiff are examples of demonstrative evidence. Witnesses create and use demonstrative evidence at trial, and opposing counsel may use the same evidence to prove contrary positions.

Documentary Evidence The production of documents at trial is documentary evidence which is presented to prove or disprove certain allegations at trial. These documents can be from a vast number of sources from diaries, letters, contracts, newspapers, and any other type of document that you can think of. There are restrictions and qualifications for using documents at trial as there is a need to make sure they are authentic and trustworthy.

Testimonial Evidence   When a person gets up on the stand at trial and relates something that they saw or heard, that is testimonial evidence. It is simply a witness giving testimony under oath about the facts of the case.

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