Is one of a number of related social control explanations that depict how social-psychological factors as well as social institutions restrain individuals from violating societal norms.

Option A  is the answer - Containment theory

Explanation:

Walter Reckless, a renowned criminologist in the last century proposed the containment theory, a type of control theory that states that internal qualities and certain social factors effectively isolate some persons from engaging in criminal acts, even when environmental factors induce other people to engage in crime.

During the 1950s and 1960s, the theory gained prominence and has become dominant in the field of criminological concepts.

i think it can have both positive and negative effects on businesses.

for example:

lets say you own a small business and taxes go up 4% that means it is going to cost your business more money to buy product to sell. but at the same time you make more money from the tax rise.

that is my theory.

vehicle inspection tests are conducted to ensure that a vehicle is safe to operate. during the vehicle inspection test, you will be expected to explain or show your knowledge of the vehicle inspection process.

during the vehicle inspection test, you must show that the vehicle is safe to drive. you will have to walk around the vehicle and point to or touch each item and explain to the examiner what you are checking and why. you will not have to crawl under the hood or under the vehicle. the brake lights, emergency flashers, turn signals, and horn must be checked. if any of these items do not work, the skills and road portions of the test will be postponed.