What document gave only parliament the power to tax as giving the consent of the whole realm?

If you are referring to British parliaments ability to tax American colonists than the document is called the Declaratory Act.

This document was signed in 1766. This law gave British parliament the power to tax American colonists just like parliament has the right to tax British citizens. This act was a result of American colonists anger from the Stamp Act. Even though the Stamp Act was repealed in the Declaratory Act, this was just one of several taxes that would be put on the American colonists over the course of the next decade.

4 copper and gold, the california gold rush is why im pretty sure.