Which phrase belongs in the blank space on this table? replacement of islamic law with secular law by reza khan negritude movement started by writers and artists radical reforms introduced by mustafa kemal division of ottoman empire into mandates?

The answer is d) Radical Reforms were Introduced by Mustafa Kemal

This is in reference to Mustafa Kemal, who was the Founder and first President of the Republic of Turkey. He is generally known as Ataturk (Father of the Turks).

Mustafa Kemal took a number of radical reforms that completely transformed with the Turkish Society.

For example, he abolished the Caliphate and the Ottoman Empire as a whole. He changed the script of the Turkish language from Arabic to Latin.

He also changed the Muslim call to prayer, the Azan, from Arabic to Turkish and banned women from wearing traditional clothes, pushing for a more European society.