What did interactions with foreign groups bring to ancient civilizations?

Ancient civilizations such as, Egypt, was colonized with foreign rulers from Greece (e.g. Alexander the Great) and Rome (e.g. Byzantine). The Egyptians and the foreigners had a win-win situation regarding their culture. While the Egyptians maintained sustain their culture’s distinctiveness, foreign rulers were able to learn, adapt and incorporate some of the cultures they seem appropriate with theirs. In this aspect, researchers where trying to get to know the individualities of Egyptians by looking deeper into their culture and with the help of Egyptian artifacts discovered.