In the practice of religion, the ten commandments
are to christianity as the eightfold path is to
(1) buddhism (3) islam
(2) daoism (4) shinto

Ten Commandments are the basic and most important law of Christianity; the  most important rules and principles by which people have to live.

This is equivalent to the Eighfold Path in Buddhism (answer 1) is the correct one): they are the major principles by which the Buddhists have to live.

Reducing federal spending