There were four common stages of growth in the life of an empire. which of the following indicates the adult phase: leaders gather together to determine how they should expand. outside forces begin to pick off villages and land. artisans are well-provided for and impact their culture. a leader begins to conquer adjacent lands and absorb other smaller civilizations.

A leader begins to conquer adjacent lands and absorb other smaller civilizations.

Explanation:

The adult state in the life of an empire is characterized by stability and balance. This happens, when the empire is already formed, established, with a strong sense of defense and sovereignty, and with boundaries delimited.

In this moment of stability, it is necessary to conquer other peoples to add gains of conquests and to boost the economy, for that it is necessary that a leader begins to conquer adjacent lands and to absorb other smaller civilizations.

although the crusades failed to capture jerusalem, they had several major impacts on western europe. they increased the authority of the king: sometimes nobles died in battle without leaving an heir in which case the king got their land. kings passed taxes to pay for the crusades.

answer: a parliamentary system is a system of democratic governance of a state where the executive derives its democratic legitimacy from its ability to command the confidence of the legislature, typically a parliament, and is also held accountable to that parliament. in a parliamentary system, the head of state is usually a person distinct from the head of government. this is in contrast to a presidential system, where the head of state often is also the head of government and, most importantly, the executive does not derive its democratic legitimacy from the legislature.

countries with parliamentary democracies may be constitutional monarchies, where a monarch is the head of state while the head of government is almost always a member of parliament (such as the united kingdom, denmark, sweden, and japan), or parliamentary republics, where a mostly ceremonial president is the head of state while the head of government is regularly from the legislature (such as ireland, germany, india, and italy). in a few parliamentary republics, such as botswana, south africa, and suriname, among some others, the head of government is also head of state, but is elected by and is answerable to parliament. in bicameral parliaments, the head of government is generally, though not always, a member of the lower house.

parliamentarianism is the dominant form of government in europe, with 32 of its 50 sovereign states being parliamentarian. it is also common in the caribbean, being the form of government of 10 of its 13 island states, and in oceania. elsewhere in the world, parliamentary countries are less common, but they are distributed through all continents, most often in former colonies of the british empire that subscribe to a particular brand of parliamentarianism known as the westminster system.

explanation: