Which of the following are not included in constitutional laws?
a. laws governing the division of powers in the federal government
b. laws outlining how new laws are to be formed
c. laws establishing equal rights for citizens
d. laws controlling international trade agreements

The correct answer is:

D. laws controlling international trade agreements.

Explanation:

The US Constitution grants the Executive power (the President) the power to regulate commerce with other nation (make agreements), as long as the advice and consent of the Senate is taken in consideration, and the Congress the power to pass laws. This is established in the Commerce Clause of Article II, and it does not state which laws should control international trade agreements, but it does state that the Executive branch has the exclusive power to control international trade agreements, the states don't have this power.

roosevelt essentially took the opposite approach as hoover in taking on the great depression. herbert hoover thought that america and its economy could naturally recover from the depression in due course, so he adamantly restrained the federal government from intervening on behalf of the people affected. on the other hand, roosevelt dramatically increased employment by expanding the federal government and establishing agencies that would aid in relieving some of the country's worst problems.