Following the end of the reconstruction era, african americans in the south were

often forced to prove their literacy before exercising their voting rights.

Explanation:

After Reconstruction, southern African Americans were often forced to prove their literacy before exercising their voting rights. The equality promised by the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments were quickly negated by state legislatures and not fully addressed until later in the 20th century.

answer; philip morin freneau