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the map below shows kingdoms, cities, and trade routes of africa in the period 700–1600 ce. use the map to answer the following question:

which of the following statements is supported by the map?

a: there was a lower volume of trade in northern and western africa, compared to the rest of the continent.

b: at songhai, gold was the major export, while at mogadishu slaves and ivory were.

c: trade routes were concentrated in the northern and western kingdoms, but trading occurred throughout the continent.

d: trade from mobasawa was conducted by land, while trade in kongo was conducted solely by boat.

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explanation:

relations between the soviet union and the united states were driven by a complex interplay of ideological, political, and economic factors, which led to shifts between cautious cooperation and often bitter superpower rivalry over the years. the distinct differences in the political systems of the two countries often prevented them from reaching a mutual understanding on key policy issues and even, as in the case of the cuban missile crisis, brought them to the brink of war.

the united states government was initially hostile to the soviet leaders for taking russia out of world war i and was opposed to a state ideologically based on communism. although the united states embarked on a famine relief program in the soviet union in the early 1920s and american businessmen established commercial ties there during the period of the new economic policy (1921–29), the two countries did not establish diplomatic relations until 1933. by that time, the totalitarian nature of joseph stalin's regime presented an insurmountable obstacle to friendly relations with the west. although world war ii brought the two countries into alliance, based on the common aim of defeating nazi germany, the soviet union's aggressive, antidemocratic policy toward eastern europe had created tensions even before the war ended.