The dominant church in western europe during the medieval period was the .

The dominant church in Western Europe during the medieval period was the Roman Catholic Church.

Explanation:

The Medieval Period includes from the fifth century to the fifteenth century, from the fall of the Western Roman Empire (476 AD) to the discovery of America (1492 AD), an event that marks the beginning of the modern age.

Some phenomena typical of the first centuries of the Middle Ages, such as demographic collapse, de-urbanization, the decline of centralized power, invasions and mass migrations of tribes, had already started in late antiquity. As a consequence of the barbarian invasions of the fifth century, in particular of those of the various Germanic peoples, new kingdoms were formed in the territories that had been of the Western Roman Empire. The Eastern Roman Empire, however, survived for the duration of the Middle Ages, and is generally indicated today with the expression "Byzantine Empire"; in the seventh century, however, the Eastern Empire lost North Africa and the Middle East, passed under the rule of the Umayyad Caliphate, an Islamic dynasty; this led to the phenomenon of the Crusades, during which the Islamic and Christian worlds clashed between the eleventh and thirteenth centuries; the first was launched in 1095.

From a religious point of view, characteristics of the Middle Ages were the increasingly widespread diffusion of Christianity and Islam, the latter born in the seventh century in Arabia and spread in North Africa and also in some areas of southern Europe. Medieval religiosity was also characterized by the foundation of a dense network of Catholic monasteries, by the birth of the mendicant orders, by their preaching and by the foundation of their convents. From the point of view of social and political organization, a typical phenomenon of the Middle Ages was feudalism, the court system, the spread of castles everywhere and the birth of the knight class.

option d is correct. corroborated sources of historical evidence   is necessary to validate a claim about an event in history.

historians tend to use written sources, but audio and visual materials as well as artifacts are important objects that supply information to modern historians.

historical sources are usually divided into two categories: primary and secondary sources. depending on the historian's intent, some sources shift their designation. determining what type of sources toimplement, and the level of credibility and reliability of those sources, is a significant step in critical thinking for the historian.

explanation: