Why is islam called the religion of peace? is it a religion of peace? what is islam fundamentally? can someone explain?

Islam was called "religion of peace" by President George W. Bush  after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. What he wanted to do by calling Islam the "religion of peace" was to make people understand that Islam was not a religion of violence and terror just because the terrorists were Islamic.

And, well, whether Islam is a "religion of peace" or not is a rather subjective question. There are many ways to look at it, especially if you look into Islam's religious text, the Quran (aka "Koran"). People who think it IS a religion of peace can support their claim with statements made in the Quran about treating each other with respect and kindness (toward women and prisoners for example). But people who believe it IS NOT a religion of peace can equally take quotes from the Quran about war and violence.

Islam, fundamentally, is a religion that was founded by the prophet Muhammad. The Five Pillars of Islam are like the requirements for Muslims (people who practice Islam). The first pillar is acknowledging Allah as god and Muhammad as the prophet. The second is ritual prayer 5 times a day. The third pillar is almsgiving, and taking care of the poor. The fourth pillar is a month of fasting during Ramadan. Finally, the fifth pillar is the "hajj" which is a pilgrimage to Mecca.