Which geographic feature encouraged expansion of civilization in north africa? a) atlas mountains b) fertile lands in the niger river valley c) sahara desert d) rich land on the mediterranean coast

The correct answer is - D) Rich land on the Mediterranean coast.

The Mediterranean coast of North Africa has always been attractive for the people because of its rich land, as well as its access to the sea through which trade was able to be performed with ease. Apart from the native populations of North Africa that had established empires in this region, it was very attractive for any other empire to conquer it, with the likes of the Phoenicians that were setting up colonies, the Macedon Empire, Roman Empire, Arab Empire/Islamic Caliphates, Ottoman Empire etc.