How does being surrounded by a desert benefit

This illustration shows a building in alexandria during the hellenistic age. the building in this illustration was the first research library. a school led by aristotle. the palace of alexander iii. a famous lighthouse.

What is the name for the main idea behind the settling of western lands by americans in the early-1800s?

Who believed that the best economic system was on in which businesses compete to gain profit with minimal or no government control