How did the framers plan to resolve conflicts that might arise between the states and the national government

Article VI of the US Constitution contain the Supremacy Clause which states that the Constitution is the "Supreme Law of the land". This is the basis of the Doctrine of Preemption which says that Federal law preempts state law when those laws conflict. In this way, a State government must create laws that stay within the confines of Federal law. Should they exceed those boundaries, their law would be found to be invalid in court.

She was one of the world's first female heads of state.