Which term describes the era when new ideas in physics, astronomy, biology, human anatomy, chemistry, and other sciences led to a rejection of superstitions and beliefs that had existed since ancient times?

I believe the answer is: The Scientific Revolution

During the The Scientific Revolution, various movement resurgence that advocated for further advancement in mathematics, physics, Chemistry, biology, and astronomy. The revolution lead to further similar movement in Europe (the renaissance and the age of enlightenment)