Read the following excerpt from the pact of umar, which was an agreement between the christians and the islamic ruler, umar. in this excerpt, the christians explain how they intend to act and treat muslims in their city. use the excerpt to answer the following question:
when you came against us, we asked you for safe-conduct (aman) for ourselves, our descendants, our property, and the people of our community, and we undertook the following obligations toward you:
we shall not build, in our cities or in their neighborhood, new monasteries, churches, convents, or monks' cells, nor shall we repair, by day or by night, such of them as fall in ruins or are situated in the quarters of the muslims.
we shall keep our gates wide open for passersby and travelers. we shall give board and lodging to all muslims who pass our way for three days.
we shall not seek to resemble the muslims by imitating any of their garments, the qalansuwa, the turban, footwear, or the parting of the hair. we shall not speak as they do, nor shall we adopt their kunyas.
we shall not display our crosses or our books in the roads or markets of the muslims.
we shall not manifest our religion publicly nor convert anyone to it. we shall not prevent any of our kin from entering islam if they wish it.
we shall show respect toward the muslims, and we shall rise from our seats when they wish to sit.
public domain
which of the following would likely occur if these rules were followed?
a) mosques would replace christian churches in some areas.
b) muslims and christians would adopt similar dress and customs.
c) christians would begin to obtain positions of leadership.
d) muslims would begin to resent the greater rights of christians.