Select all that apply. From your understanding, what is true about the Crusades:

a. They began when Pope Urban II was attacked by Muslims in the Holy Land.
b. The name comes from the word crucify.
c. They lasted for more than 200 years.
d. They focused on what was a pilgrimage site for both Christians and Muslims.
e. Jerusalem was captured in the First Crusade.

Which is one reason many african nations have not prospered after gaining independence from european colonial powers? a. colonial powers sent their weakest economic advisors to the new countries, and their recommendations were flawed. b. independence left them with weak economies, and many countries have been unable to overcome or recover from these burdens. c. the desert region of the interior is inhospitable to foreign investors, and business interests focused on the coastal mediterranean cities. d. the money endowed upon independence is still tied up in the bank of england, which is hesitant to make loans to struggling nations.