Write down at least 2 contributions of Umayyads and Abbasids for their dynasty.

Non-Arabs were treated as second-class citizens regardless of whether or not they converted to Islam, and this discontent cutting across faiths and ethnicities ultimately led to the Umayyads' overthrow. The Abbasid family claimed to have descended from al-Abbas, an uncle of the Prophet.

increasing defense spending.

explanation:

it was the first amendment