In 1847, a group of doctors formed the American Medical Association to advocate for medical professionals and to educate the public about the potential dangers of some alternative medicines. Over the years, the AMA has represented the interests of doctors by working to shape public policy. For example, the organization campaigned against Medicare — the government system that provides health care for senior citizens and the disabled — arguing that government-provided health care would undermine the doctor-patient relationship.
Today, the AMA has one of the country's wealthiest PACs and continues to support the economic interests of medical professionals.
Does the AMA work for the public good? Support your answer with examples from the text.

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a. poison gas was sprayed over battlefields by airplanes to weaken enemy positions before major attacks.

a hypothesis is an expected answer to a question, usually based on some theory or prior research. hypothesis testing is a method of determining the viability of a hypothesis. let’s use the us presidential election as an example. there are many hypotheses (questions) about how people feel or whom they will vote for. the only way to know the 100% “truth” about the answers to these questions is to ask every single possible voter – something that is impossible, expensive, time consuming etc. instead, we take samples and use statistics to make “best guesses” about the answer to a particular hypothesis. we never know for sure if our conclusion is right at the time we accept/reject it, but these techniques, when used appropriately can get us close to the truth most of the time (which is a lot better than guessing, flipping coins or throwing darts to get answers).

the tricky part about hypothesis testing is that we have to think somewhat backwards about it – we have to test what is known as the “null hypothesis”. as an example, the hypothesis might be “obama is more popular than romney” while the null hypothesis is “there is no difference in popularity between obama and romney”. we focus on the null hypothesis because it tells us exactly what the expected value of our tests should be (obama popularity = romney popularity) and we can collect data and see if it comes out that way (see next section on “significance”). if it does, then we “accept the null hypothesis” and reject our original hypothesis. if the null hypothesis is disproven, we look at the data to see if our original hypothesis holds (obama> romney).

the correct answer is b) the american colonies were not supporting each other.

at the time abigail wrote her second letter to john adams on november 27, 1775 she begins the letter with a series of rhetorical questions such as: if a form of government is to be established here what one will be assumed? , will it be left to the assemblies to chose one? with this questions, she is asking her husband what new form of government will be established and she is concerned that the delegates may not be able to come to consensus.

also, abigail believes that the regulations of government have been "so long slackened" that people could ignore a new government; she recognizes difficulty to establishing a new state.