Four causes of crusades??

The Crusades were a series of military campaigns organised by Christian powers in order to retake Jerusalem and the Holy Land back from Muslim control. There would be eight officially sanctioned crusades between 1095 CE and 1270 CE and many more unofficial ones. Each campaign met with varying successes and failures but, ultimately, the wider objective of keeping Jerusalem and the Holy Land in Christian hands failed. Nevertheless, the appeal of the crusading ideal continued right up to the 16th century CE, and the purpose of this article is to consider what were the motivating factors for crusaders, from the Pope to the humblest warrior, especially for the very first campaign which established a model to be followed thereafter.

Explanation:

TheCityofJerusalemheldaHolysignificancetotheChristians,Jews,and

Muslims.AlthoughthecityofJerusalemwasheldbytheSaracens(Muslims),

theChristianpilgrimshadbeengrantedsafepassagetovisittheHolycity.In

1065JerusalemwastakenbytheTurks,whocamefromthekingdomof

ancientPersia.TheChristianswerenotlonginrealizingthatpowerhad

fallenintonewhands.ThechurchesinJerusalemweredestroyedorturned

intostables.3000ChristiansweremassacredandtheremainingChristians

weretreatedsobadlythatthroughoutChristendompeoplewerestirredto

fightincrusades.Theseactionsarousedastormofindignationthroughout

EuropeandawakenedthedesiretorescuetheHolyLandfromthegraspof

- "the four new england colonies of colonial america included colonies of new hampshire, massachusetts bay colony, rhode island and connecticut."

< 3

question 10: the answer is c, to their constituents address a problem.

question 11: i think it would be domestic bills, which deal with american issues only and public bills, which affect the whole nation.