Nehemiah 8:1-5. After the Exile, the Jewish people returned to Israel and rebuilt the Temple and the
walls of Jerusalem. God's Word, the Torah, becomes
the Law of the community. What posture do the
Jewish people take as Ezra brings forth the sacred
writings

As Ezra opened the Torah to read, they all stood (Nehemiah 8:5).

Explanation:

As the Jewish People returned to their promised land, we read from the torah.

"the attempts of the proletariat to rise above this abasement"

booker t. washington was an educator who established the tuskegee institute. washington argued that african americans should learn trades that would offer them the opportunity to be progressive citizens. instead of fighting against discrimination, washington argued that african americans should use their education and knowledge to become self-sufficient in american society and not in competition with white americans.

w.e.b du bois was the founder of the niagara movement and later the naacp, du bois disagreed with washington. he argued that african americans should consistently fight for racial equality.

ida b. wells was a journalist who wrote about the horrors of lynching in the south. wells work could be considered muckraking as it led to the development of the anti-lynching campaign.