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The issues of slavery and central power divided the United Sates. Slavery was the law of the land, north and south, until the early 19th century. It was concentrated in the southern states, where slaves were used as farm laborers and formed the backbone of the southern economy. In the northern states, where industry drove the economy, many people believed that slavery was immoral and wrong. Southerners felt threatened by these northern "abolitionists” and claimed
that the common government had no power to end slavery against the wishes of the states. Eventually, southerners became convinced that the common government
would attempt to abolish slavery nation-wide. Eleven states left the United States
in the following order and formed the Confederate States of America: South
Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Virginia,
Arkansas, North Carolina, and Tennessee.