How did the transition from an agricultural to an industrial society create the social tensions that led to socialism and communism?

The transition from an agricultural to an industrial society saw the change from a society in which peasants were the majority, to a society in which industrial, urban workers were the majority.

Explanation:

During this process, the nobility lost its power to the capitalists, while peasants were either stripped of their land, or they abandoned it themselves because industry paid at least a bit better.

Workers were landless and only had their labor power to sell in order to survive. Working conditions were very hard, and life expectancy was low. Most people lived in slums were diseases spread, and most of the profit went to the owners of the capital.

These conditions created tensions between the workers and the capitalist class, and the first socialist revolutions emerged, like the Paris Commune, or the October Revolution, which was successful.

Socialism is thus, a transitional period between capitalism and communism, while communism is the ideal, the classless and stateless society.

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